Scrape

ADRENALINE

Concentration

1mg/ml

Pharmacology

  • Alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist agent
  • Iris and bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
  • Antagonizes effects of histamine
  • Increases glycogenolysis
  • Rapid IV administration – positive inotrope and chronotrope, and increased systolic blood pressure
  • Slow IV administration – produces modest rise in systolic blood pressure and a decrease in diastolic
    blood
    pressure
  • Total peripheral resistance is decreased due to beta effects

Precautions and Side Effects

  • Vomiting
  • Tremor
  • Excitability
  • Hypertension
  • Arrhythmia
  • Necrosis at injection site

Indications

  • Recurrence of hypotension after initial dose of adrenaline

Preparation

  • Bolus doses – dilute 1 vial into 10ml saline to create 1:10 000 concentration
  • Add 1 ampule (1mg) to 100ml saline to create a 10ug/ml solution

Dose Rates

  • Loading dose: 0.01mg/kg IV
  • Round up to the nearest 10 kg and administer 0.1ml/10kg of undiluted (1:1,000) adrenaline
  • Or diluted 1:10,000 give 1ml per 10kg

Ongoing Continuous Rate Infusion:

  • 0.05-0.15ug/kg/minute (titrate to effect)
  • Note: If no access to CRI pumps the below can be easily done with a standard fluid pump. 1ml of
    undiluted
    (1:1,000) adrenaline added to 1 liter of Saline 0.9% or Hartmans mix well. Starting rate of
    3ml/kg/hr then
    titrate to effect.
WEIGHT 0.05ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 0.1ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 0.15ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
1 0.3 0.6 0.9
2 0.6 1.2 1.8
3 0.9 1.8 2.7
4 1.2 2.4 3.6
5 1.5 3.0 4.5
6 1.8 3.6 5.4
7 2.1 4.2 6.3
8 2.4 4.8 7.2
9 2.7 5.4 8.1
10 3.0 6.0 9.0
11 3.3 6.6 9.9
12 3.6 7.2 10.8
13 3.9 7.8 11.7
14 4.2 8.4 12.6
15 4.5 9.0 13.5
16 4.8 9.6 14.4
17 5.1 10.2 15.3
18 5.4 10.8 16.2
19 5.7 11.4 17.1
20 6.0 12.0 18.0
21 6.3 12.6 18.9
22 6.6 13.2 19.8
23 6.9 13.8 20.7
24 7.2 14.4 21.6
25 7.5 15.0 22.5
26 7.8 15.6 23.4
27 8.1 16.2 24.3
28 8.4 16.8 25.2
29 8.7 17.4 26.1
30 9.0 18.0 27.0
31 9.3 18.6 27.9
32 9.6 19.2 28.8
33 9.9 19.8 29.7
34 10.2 20.4 30.6
35 10.5 21.0 31.5
40 12.0 24.0 36.0
45 13.5 27.0 40.5
50 15.0 30.0 45.0
55 16.5 33.0 49.5
60 18.0 36.0 54.0
65 19.5 39.0 58.5
70 21.0 42.0 63.0

ALFAXAN

Concentration

10 mg/ml

Pharmacology & Indications

  • Short acting anaesthetic for light plane of anaesthesia during intubation or mechanical
    ventilation
  • Of particular use in small dogs and cats that were requiring high doses of propofol, and avoids
    the
    potential
    side effect of lipidemia that can be seen in these patients
  • Additional boluses may be required for mouth care or other stimulation
  • Cats can be managed quiet well with low doses of midazolam CRI; dogs with medium to high dose
    midazolam CRI
    and
    butorphanol CRI or IVF additive

Precautions and Side Effects

  • Can still cause cardiorespiratory depression and hypotension
  • Start at lowest dose and titrate up
  • Patients at high risk of hypotension should not be administered high maintenance doses

Preparation

  • Dilute 50:50 with 0.9% NaCl
  • CRI

Concentration

of 5mg/ml
  • Dilution to 5mg/ml allows for more accurate titration of dose for small animals

    • Dose Rates

    • Loading dose: 1-2.5mg/kg IV
    • CRI Rate 2-6mg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOADING DOSE (ml) LOW DOSE (2mg/kg/hr) ml/hr MEDIUM DOSE (4mg/kg/hr) ml/hr HIGH DOSE (6mg/kg/hr) ml/hr
    1 0.2-0.5 0.4 0.8 1.2
    2 0.4-1 0.8 1.6 2.4
    3 0.6-1.5 1.2 2.4 3.6
    4 0.8-2 1.6 3.2 4.8
    5 1-2.5 2.0 4.0 6.0
    6 1.2-3 2.4 4.8 7.2
    7 1.4-3.5 2.8 5.6 8.4
    8 1.6-4 3.2 6.4 9.6
    9 1.8-4.5 3.6 7.2 10.8
    10 2-5 4.0 8.0 12.0
    11 2.2-5.5 4.4 8.8 13.2
    12 2.4-6 4.8 9.6 14.4
    13 2.6-6.5 5.2 10.4 15.6
    14 2.8-7 5.6 11.2 16.8
    15 3-7.5 6.0 12.0 18.0
    16 3.2-8 6.4 12.8 19.2
    17 3.4-8.5 6.8 13.6 20.4
    18 3.6-9 7.2 14.4 21.6
    19 3.8-9.5 7.6 15.2 22.8
    20 4-10 8.0 16.0 24.0
    21 4.2-10.5 8.4 16.8 25.2
    22 4.4-11 8.8 17.6 26.4
    23 4.6-11.5 9.2 18.4 27.6
    24 4.8-12 9.6 19.2 28.8
    25 5-12.5 10.0 20.0 30.0
    26 5.2-13 10.4 20.8 31.2
    27 5.4-13.5 10.8 21.6 32.4
    28 5.6-14 11.2 22.4 33.6
    29 5.8-14.5 11.6 23.2 34.8
    30 6-15 12.0 24.0 36.0
    31 6.2-15.5 12.4 24.8 37.2
    32 6.4-16 12.8 25.6 38.4
    33 6.6-16.5 13.2 26.4 39.6
    34 6.8-17 13.6 27.2 40.8
    35 7-17.5 14.0 28.0 42.0
    40 8-20 16.0 32.0 48.0
    45 9-22.5 18.0 36.0 54.0
    50 10-25 20.0 40.0 60.0
    55 11-27.5 22.0 44.0 66.0
    60 12-30 24.0 48.0 72.0
    65 13-32.5 26.0 52.0 78.0
    70 14-35 28.0 56.0 84.0

    BUTORPHANOL

    Concentration

    10 mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Mixed opioid agonist/antagonist
    • Little or no respiratory depression
    • Antitussive, sedation, reversal of pure mu opioids (methadone/fentanyl)
    • Duration of effect is 30 min to 1 hr in dogs; and 1-3 hrs in cats

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Do not use with other opioids. Only provides mildly analgesic effects. Reduce dose in MDR1

      • affected dogs (Collies, Australian Shepherds)

    Preparation

    • Add 2.5ml (25mg) Butorphanol to 47.5ml 0.9% saline to make a CRI

    Concentration

    of

    0.5mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    • Can give loading dose of 0.1-0.5mg/kg IV, SQ, IM if required
    • 0.1-0.5mg/kg/hr IV in Dogs and Cats
    WEIGHT LOADING DOSE (0.1-0.2mg/kg) LOW DOSE (0.1mg/kg/hr) ml/hr MEDIUM DOSE (0.3mg/kg/hr) ml/hr HIGH DOSE (0.5mg/kg/hr) ml/hr
    1 0.2-0.4 0.2 0.6 1.0
    2 0.4-0.8 0.4 1.2 2.0
    3 0.6-1.2 0.6 1.8 3.0
    4 0.8-1.6 0.8 2.4 4.0
    5 1-2 1.0 3.0 5.0
    6 1.2-2.4 1.2 3.6 6.0
    7 1.4-2.8 1.4 4.2 7.0
    8 1.6-3.2 1.6 4.8 8.0
    9 1.8-3.6 1.8 5.4 9.0
    10 2-4 2.0 6.0 10.0
    11 2.2-4.4 2.2 6.6 11.0
    12 2.4-4.8 2.4 7.2 12.0
    13 2.6-5.2 2.6 7.8 13.0
    14 2.8-5.6 2.8 8.4 14.0
    15 3-6 3.0 9.0 15.0
    16 3.2-6.4 3.2 9.6 16.0
    17 3.4-6.8 3.4 10.2 17.0
    18 3.6-7.2 3.6 10.8 18.0
    19 3.8-7.6 3.8 11.4 19.0
    20 4-8 4.0 12.0 20.0
    21 4.2-8.4 4.2 12.6 21.0
    22 4.4-8.8 4.4 13.2 22.0
    23 4.6-9.2 4.6 13.8 23.0
    24 4.8-9.6 4.8 14.4 24.0
    25 5-10 5.0 15.0 25.0
    26 5.2-10.4 5.2 15.6 26.0
    27 5.4-10.8 5.4 16.2 27.0
    28 5.6-11.2 5.6 16.8 28.0
    29 5.8-11.6 5.8 17.4 29.0
    30 6-12 6.0 18.0 30.0
    31 6.2-12.4 6.2 18.6 31.0
    32 6.4-12.8 6.4 19.2 32.0
    33 6.6-13.2 6.6 19.8 33.0
    34 6.8-13.6 6.8 20.4 34.0
    35 7-14 7.0 21.0 35.0
    40 8-16 8.0 24.0 40.0
    45 9-18 9.0 27.0 45.0
    50 10-20 10.0 30.0 50.0
    55 11-22 11.0 33.0 55.0
    60 12-24 12.0 36.0 60.0
    65 13-26 13.0 39.0 65.0
    70 14-28 14.0 42.0 70.0

    DOBUTAMINE

    Concentration

    250mg in 20ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Direct beta 1 adrenergic agonist (with mild beta 2- and alpha 1- adrenergic effects)
    • Potent inotropic effects (increased cardiac contractility and output)
    • Does not cause the release of norepinephrine (unlike dopamine)
    • Relatively mild chronotropic, arrhythmogenic and vasodilatory effects

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • High doses can cause tachycardia, arrhythmias
    • High doses in cats can cause seizures
    • DO NOT USE in cats with HCM

    Preparation

    • 250mg dobutamine in 500ml dextrose 5% or 0.9% NaCl
    • Makes a CRI

    Concentration

    of 0.5mg/ml or 500mcg/ml
  • Do not make with plasmalyte
  • Dextrose maintains activity of drug

    • Dose Rates

    • Dogs: 5-20ug/kg/minute IV CRI
    • Cats: 2-5 ug/kg/minute IV – USE WITH CAUTION
    WEIGHT 5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 10ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 15ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 20ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
    1 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4
    2 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8
    3 1.8 3.6 5.4 7.2
    4 2.4 4.8 7.2 9.6
    5 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0
    6 3.6 7.2 10.8 14.4
    7 4.2 8.4 12.6 16.8
    8 4.8 9.6 14.4 19.2
    9 5.4 10.8 16.2 21.6
    10 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0
    11 6.6 13.2 19.8 26.4
    12 7.2 14.4 21.6 28.8
    13 7.8 15.6 23.4 31.2
    14 8.4 16.8 25.2 33.6
    15 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0
    16 9.6 19.2 28.8 38.4
    17 10.2 20.4 30.6 40.8
    18 10.8 21.6 32.4 43.2
    19 11.4 22.8 34.2 45.6
    20 12.0 24.0 36.0 48.0
    25 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0
    30 18.0 36.0 54.0 72.0
    35 21.0 42.0 63.0 84.0
    40 24.0 48.0 72.0 96.0
    45 27.0 54.0 81.0 108.0
    50 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0
    55 33.0 66.0 99.0 132.0
    60 36.0 72.0 108.0 144.0
    65 39.0 78.0 117.0 156.0
    70 42.0 84.0 126.0 168.0

    DOPAMINE

    Concentration

    200mg/5ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Adrenergic/dopaminergic inotropic agent
    • Used to increase blood pressure in hypotensive patients
    • Low doses act at dopaminergic and Beta 1 receptors causing vasodilation and increased

      • force of contraction and heart rate resulting in increased cardiac output and organ
      perfusion. Systemic vascular resistance remains unchanged

    • At higher doses dopaminergic responses are overridden by alpha receptor activity,
      resulting

      • in increased SVR and reduced peripheral blood flow

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Tachycardia
    • Increase urine production
    • Arrhythmias, ectopic beats
    • Nausea/vomiting
    • Hypotension or hypertension (dose related)
    • Dyspnoea
    • ECG monitoring advised

    Preparation

    • Add 5ml Dopamine (200mg) into 500ml bag 0.9%NaCl to make CRI

    Concentration

    of
    0.4mg/ml
  • Diluted drug is stable for 24 hours

    • Dose Rates

    • Start on low dose of 5-15mcg/kg/min and titrate up to lowest dose required to maintain mean arterial
      blood pressure
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) MEDIUM DOSE 10ug/kg/min (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 15ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
    1 0.8 1.5 2.3
    2 1.5 3.0 4.5
    3 2.3 4.5 6.8
    4 3.0 6.0 9.0
    5 3.8 7.5 11.3
    6 4.5 9.0 13.5
    7 5.3 10.5 15.8
    8 6.0 12.0 18.0
    9 6.8 13.5 20.3
    10 7.5 15.0 22.5
    11 8.3 16.5 24.8
    12 9.0 18.0 27.0
    13 9.8 19.5 29.3
    14 10.5 21.0 31.5
    15 11.3 22.5 33.8
    16 12.0 24.0 36.0
    17 12.8 25.5 38.3
    18 13.5 27.0 40.5
    19 14.3 28.5 42.8
    20 15.0 30.0 45.0
    21 15.8 31.5 47.3
    22 16.5 33.0 49.5
    23 17.3 34.5 51.8
    24 18.0 36.0 54.0
    25 18.8 37.5 56.3
    26 19.5 39.0 58.5
    27 20.3 40.5 60.8
    28 21.0 42.0 63.0
    29 21.8 43.5 65.3
    30 22.5 45.0 67.5
    31 23.3 46.5 69.8
    32 24.0 48.0 72.0
    33 24.8 49.5 74.3
    34 25.5 51.0 76.5
    35 26.3 52.5 78.8
    40 30.0 60.0 90.0
    45 33.8 67.5 101.3
    50 37.5 75.0 112.5
    55 41.3 82.5 123.8
    60 45.0 90.0 135.0
    65 48.8 97.5 146.3
    70 52.5 105.0 157.5

    FENTANYL

    Concentration

    500mcg/10ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Short acting mu opioid agonist, potent analgesic
    • Short onset of action of 5 minutes

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Dose related respiratory, CNS and circulatory depression
    • Titrate to effect and adjust inhalant anaesthetic appropriately

    Preparation

    • Add 500mcg (10ml vial) to 40ml 0.9% NaCl
    • To make CRI of 10ug/ml

    Concentration

    Dose Rates

    • Initial bolus of 2-4 ug/kg IV, IM
    • Then CRI of 2-10 ug/kg/hr IV
    • Post-operative pain relief 2-6 ug/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT 2ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) 4ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) 6ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) 8ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) 10ug/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
    2 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
    3 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0
    4 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0
    5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
    6 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0
    7 1.4 2.8 4.2 5.6 7.0
    8 1.6 3.2 4.8 6.4 8.0
    9 1.8 3.6 5.4 7.2 9.0
    10 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
    11 2.2 4.4 6.6 8.8 11.0
    12 2.4 4.8 7.2 9.6 12.0
    13 2.6 5.2 7.8 10.4 13.0
    14 2.8 5.6 8.4 11.2 14.0
    15 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0
    16 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0
    17 3.4 6.8 10.2 13.6 17.0
    18 3.6 7.2 10.8 14.4 18.0
    19 3.8 7.6 11.4 15.2 19.0
    20 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0
    21 4.2 8.4 12.6 16.8 21.0
    22 4.4 8.8 13.2 17.6 22.0
    23 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0
    24 4.8 9.6 14.4 19.2 24.0
    25 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0
    26 5.2 10.4 15.6 20.8 26.0
    27 5.4 10.8 16.2 21.6 27.0
    28 5.6 11.2 16.8 22.4 28.0
    29 5.8 11.6 17.4 23.2 29.0
    30 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 30.0
    31 6.2 12.4 18.6 24.8 31.0
    32 6.4 12.8 19.2 25.6 32.0
    33 6.6 13.2 19.8 26.4 33.0
    34 6.8 13.6 20.4 27.2 34.0
    35 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0
    40 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 40.0
    45 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0
    50 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0
    55 11.0 22.0 33.0 44.0 55.0
    60 12.0 24.0 36.0 48.0 60.0
    65 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0
    70 14.0 28.0 42.0 56.0 70.0

    FENTANYL, LIGNOCAINE & KETAMINE

    Concentration

    Ketamine 50mg/ml Lignocaine 20mg/ml F entanyl 500ug/10ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    Ketamine

    • Dissociative anaesthetic
    • Antagonizes NMDA receptors
    • Enhances opioid receptor sensitivity and reduces rebound hyperalgesia
    • Failure to administer loading dose will result in an excessive delay in reaching
      therapeutic levels

    Fentanyl

    • Pure mu opioid agonist
    • Continuous infusion reduced peak and trough effect

      • Lignocaine

    • Not recommended for use in cats
    • Anti-arrhythmic and local anaesthetic
    WEIGHT LOW (0.5ml/kg/hr) ml/hr MEDIUM (1ml/kg/hr) ml/hr HIGH (2ml/kg/hr) ml/hr LOW (0.5ml/kg/hr) ml/hr HIGH (1ml/kg/hr) ml/hr
    1 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0
    2 1.0 2.0 4.0 1.0 2.0
    3 1.5 3.0 6.0 1.5 3.0
    4 2.0 4.0 8.0 2.0 4.0
    5 2.5 5.0 10.0 2.5 5.0
    6 3.0 6.0 12.0 3.0 6.0
    7 3.5 7.0 14.0 3.5 7.0
    8 4.0 8.0 16.0 4.0 8.0
    9 4.5 9.0 18.0 4.5 9.0
    10 5.0 10.0 20.0 5.0 10.0
    11 5.5 11.0 22.0 5.5 11.0
    12 6.0 12.0 24.0 6.0 12.0
    13 6.5 13.0 26.0 6.5 13.0
    14 7.0 14.0 28.0 7.0 14.0
    15 7.5 15.0 30.0 7.5 15.0
    16 8.0 16.0 32.0 8.0 16.0
    17 8.5 17.0 34.0 8.5 17.0
    18 9.0 18.0 36.0 9.0 18.0
    19 9.5 19.0 38.0 9.5 19.0
    20 10.0 20.0 40.0 10.0 20.0
    21 10.5 21.0 42.0 10.5 21.0
    22 11.0 22.0 44.0 11.0 22.0
    23 11.5 23.0 46.0 11.5 23.0
    24 12.0 24.0 48.0 12.0 24.0
    25 12.5 25.0 50.0 12.5 25.0
    26 13.0 26.0 52.0 13.0 26.0
    27 13.5 27.0 54.0 13.5 27.0
    28 14.0 28.0 56.0 14.0 28.0
    29 14.5 29.0 58.0 14.5 29.0
    30 15.0 30.0 60.0 15.0 30.0
    31 15.5 31.0 62.0 15.5 31.0
    32 16.0 32.0 64.0 16.0 32.0
    33 16.5 33.0 66.0 16.5 33.0
    34 17.0 34.0 68.0 17.0 34.0
    35 17.5 35.0 70.0 17.5 35.0
    40 20.0 40.0 80.0 20.0 40.0
    45 22.5 45.0 90.0 22.5 45.0
    50 25.0 50.0 100.0 25.0 50.0
    55 27.5 55.0 110.0 27.5 55.0
    60 30.0 60.0 120.0 30.0 60.0
    65 32.5 65.0 130.0 32.5 65.0
    70 35.0 70.0 140.0 35.0 70.0

    FRUSEMIDE

    Concentration

    50mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Loop diuretic – most commonly used for congestive heart failure and pulmonary
      oedema

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
    • Ototoxicity
    • Dehydration

    Preparation

    • Dilute with 0.9% NaCl as required to administer small but accurate volumes
    • Eg 1ml of frusemide into 24ml of saline -> 2mg/ml)

    Dose Rates

    • Bolus dose of 1-4mg/kg IV
    • Dose for CRI 0.66-1mg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 0.66mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) MEDIUM DOSE 0.83mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 1mg/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.3 0.4 0.5
    2 0.7 0.8 1.0
    3 1.0 1.2 1.5
    4 1.3 1.7 2.0
    5 1.7 2.1 2.5
    6 2.0 2.5 3.0
    7 2.3 2.9 3.5
    8 2.6 3.3 4.0
    9 3.0 3.7 4.5
    10 3.3 4.2 5.0
    11 3.6 4.6 5.5
    12 4.0 5.0 6.0
    13 4.3 5.4 6.5
    14 4.6 5.8 7.0
    15 5.0 6.2 7.5
    16 5.3 6.6 8.0
    17 5.6 7.1 8.5
    18 5.9 7.5 9.0
    19 6.3 7.9 9.5
    20 6.6 8.3 10.0
    21 6.9 8.7 10.5
    22 7.3 9.1 11.0
    23 7.6 9.5 11.5
    24 7.9 10.0 12.0
    25 8.3 10.4 12.5
    26 8.6 10.8 13.0
    27 8.9 11.2 13.5
    28 9.2 11.6 14.0
    29 9.6 12.0 14.5
    30 9.9 12.5 15.0
    31 10.2 12.9 15.5
    32 10.6 13.3 16.0
    33 10.9 13.7 16.5
    34 11.2 14.1 17.0
    35 11.6 14.5 17.5
    40 13.2 16.6 20.0
    45 14.9 18.7 22.5
    50 16.5 20.8 25.0
    55 18.2 22.8 27.5
    60 19.8 24.9 30.0
    65 21.5 27.0 32.5
    70 23.1 29.1 35.0

    HYDROCORTISONE

    Concentration

    250mg/2ml (125mg/ml)\

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • \’95Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s Disease), Critical Illness Related
      Corticosteroid
    • Insufficiency (CIRCI), Refractory hypotension unresponsive to fluids and
      vasopressor

    therapy

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Do not mix IV with Ampicillin, Heparin sodium, Phenobarbital sodium

    Preparation

    • Add 0.4ml (50mg) to 49.6ml of 0.9% saline or
    • 0.8ml (100mg) to 99.2ml 0.9% saline
    • Solu-Cortef once prepared to instruction is 1mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    • CRI rate of 0.25-0.5mg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 0.5mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 1mg/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.5 1.0
    2 1.0 2.0
    3 1.5 3.0
    4 2.0 4.0
    5 2.5 5.0
    6 3.0 6.0
    7 3.5 7.0
    8 4.0 8.0
    9 4.5 9.0
    10 5.0 10.0
    11 5.5 11.0
    12 6.0 12.0
    13 6.5 13.0
    14 7.0 14.0
    15 7.5 15.0
    16 8.0 16.0
    17 8.5 17.0
    18 9.0 18.0
    19 9.5 19.0
    20 10.0 20.0
    21 10.5 21.0
    22 11.0 22.0
    23 11.5 23.0
    24 12.0 24.0
    25 12.5 25.0
    26 13.0 26.0
    27 13.5 27.0
    28 14.0 28.0
    29 14.5 29.0
    30 15.0 30.0
    31 15.5 31.0
    32 16.0 32.0
    33 16.5 33.0
    34 17.0 34.0
    35 17.5 35.0
    40 20.0 40.0
    45 22.5 45.0
    50 25.0 50.0
    55 27.5 55.0
    60 30.0 60.0
    65 32.5 65.0
    70 35.0 70.0

    INSULIN (ACTRAPID)

    Concentration

    100 units/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Facilitates uptake of glucose by cells
    • Stimulates lipogenesis, increases protein synthesis, inhibits lipolysis
      and
      free fatty acid release

      • from adipose tissues

    • Intracellular shift of potassium and magnesium

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Hypokalaemia (monitor blood gas closely and supplement IVF)
    • Hypoglycaemia (over dose)

    Preparation

    • Add 25iu of Actrapid into 500ml 0.9% NaCl (or 0.45% NaCl + 2.5% glucose)
      ’96 mix well
    • Protect from light

    Dose Rates

    • 1ml/kg/hr IV in conjunction with IVF (ie separate from IVF)
    • Once blood glucose <12mmol /L - half insulin rate and make up IVF to 2.5% glucose
    • Adjust insulin rate to maintain BG between 8-14mmol/L
    • Monitor BG q 2hrs; blood gas at least q 6hrs

    KETAMINE

    Concentration

    50mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • NMDA receptor antagonist useful for adjunctive pain relief and
      prevention of ‘wind up’

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • HCM, Congestive Heart Failure and shock (increased myocardial
      demand)
    • Cats\’92 eyes remain open when given Ketamine – require regular eye
      care.
    • Corneal desiccation can occur – corneal protection required
    • Can cause elevated sympathetic tone so to caution with HCM,
      Hyperthyroid
      patients,

    pheochromocytomas

    Preparation

    • Add 0.5ml (50mg) to 49.5ml 0.9% NaCl, D5W or Water for injection
    • To make a CRI

    Concentration

    of 1mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    • Loading dose 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 0.1 – 0.6mg/kg/hr
      IV
    WEIGHT 0.1mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) 0.2mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) 0.3mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) 0.4mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) 0.5mg/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
    2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
    3 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5
    4 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
    5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
    6 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0
    7 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.5
    8 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0
    9 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.6 4.5
    10 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
    11 1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4 5.5
    12 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0
    13 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5
    14 1.4 2.8 4.2 5.6 7.0
    15 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5
    16 1.6 3.2 4.8 6.4 8.0
    17 1.7 3.4 5.1 6.8 8.5
    18 1.8 3.6 5.4 7.2 9.0
    19 1.9 3.8 5.7 7.6 9.5
    20 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
    21 2.1 4.2 6.3 8.4 10.5
    22 2.2 4.4 6.6 8.8 11.0
    23 2.3 4.6 6.9 9.2 11.5
    24 2.4 4.8 7.2 9.6 12.0
    25 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5
    26 2.6 5.2 7.8 10.4 13.0
    27 2.7 5.4 8.1 10.8 13.5
    28 2.8 5.6 8.4 11.2 14.0
    29 2.9 5.8 8.7 11.6 14.5
    30 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0
    31 3.1 6.2 9.3 12.4 15.5
    32 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0
    33 3.3 6.6 9.9 13.2 16.5
    34 3.4 6.8 10.2 13.6 17.0
    35 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 17.5
    40 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0
    45 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0 22.5
    50 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0
    55 5.5 11.0 16.5 22.0 27.5
    60 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 30.0
    65 6.5 13.0 19.5 26.0 32.5
    70 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0

    LIGNOCAINE

    Concentration

    20mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • On its own its own is used for anti-arrhythmic effects
    • Can be combined with opioid and ketamine for pain relief
    • Promotes gastric motility
    • Reduces requirements for injectable and inhalant anaesthetics
    • Low dose CRI useful in hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Decreased mentation/depression
    • Muscle tremors, seizures (high dose)
    • Nausea/vomiting
    • Cats have lower threshold to toxicity, and use with caution –
      should not exceed

    25 ug/kg/min IV

    Preparation

    • Use as 20mg/ml solution

    Dose Rates

      ANTIARRHYTHMIC:

    • Loading dose 1-2 mg/kg slow IV bolus over 30secs (repeated up to
      8 mg/kg, each bolus 5mins

      • apart until it converts to normal rhythm)

    • Followed by CRI of 20-80 mcg/kg/min IV
    WEIGHT 20ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 40ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 60ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 80ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
    1 0.06 0.12 0.18 0.24
    2 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.48
    3 0.18 0.36 0.54 0.72
    4 0.24 0.48 0.72 0.96
    5 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20
    6 0.36 0.72 1.08 1.44
    7 0.42 0.84 1.26 1.68
    8 0.48 0.96 1.44 1.92
    9 0.54 1.08 1.62 2.16
    10 0.60 1.20 1.80 2.40
    11 0.66 1.32 1.98 2.64
    12 0.72 1.44 2.16 2.88
    13 0.78 1.56 2.34 3.12
    14 0.84 1.68 2.52 3.36
    15 0.90 1.80 2.70 3.60
    16 0.96 1.92 2.88 3.84
    17 1.02 2.04 3.06 4.08
    18 1.08 2.16 3.24 4.32
    19 1.14 2.28 3.42 4.56
    20 1.20 2.40 3.60 4.80
    25 1.50 3.00 4.50 6.00
    30 1.80 3.60 5.40 7.20
    35 2.10 4.20 6.30 8.40
    40 2.40 4.80 7.20 9.60
    45 2.70 5.40 8.10 10.80
    50 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.00
    55 3.30 6.60 9.90 13.20
    60 3.60 7.20 10.80 14.40
    65 3.90 7.80 11.70 15.60
    70 4.20 8.40 12.60 16.80

    MEDETOMIDINE

    Concentration

    1mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Alpha-2 agonist
    • Sedative/analgesic

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Alpha-2 agonists depress insulin production
    • Do not use in cardiovascular unstable patients
    • Interactions with atropine / glycopyrrolate
    • Dose reductions may be required with opiods and propofol if
      used concurrently

    Preparation

    • Add 0.5ml (0.5mg) Medetomidine to 49.5ml of 0.95 NaCl
    • To make CRI

    Concentration

    of 0.01mg/ml (10mcg/ml)

    Dose Rates

    • 1-3 mcg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 1ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) MEDIUM DOSE 2ug/kg/hr (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 3ug/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.1 0.2 0.3
    2 0.2 0.4 0.6
    3 0.3 0.6 0.9
    4 0.4 0.8 1.2
    5 0.5 1.0 1.5
    6 0.6 1.2 1.8
    7 0.7 1.4 2.1
    8 0.8 1.6 2.4
    9 0.9 1.8 2.7
    10 1.0 2.0 3.0
    11 1.1 2.2 3.3
    12 1.2 2.4 3.6
    13 1.3 2.6 3.9
    14 1.4 2.8 4.2
    15 1.5 3.0 4.5
    16 1.6 3.2 4.8
    17 1.7 3.4 5.1
    18 1.8 3.6 5.4
    19 1.9 3.8 5.7
    20 2.0 4.0 6.0
    21 2.1 4.2 6.3
    22 2.2 4.4 6.6
    23 2.3 4.6 6.9
    24 2.4 4.8 7.2
    25 2.5 5.0 7.5
    26 2.6 5.2 7.8
    27 2.7 5.4 8.1
    28 2.8 5.6 8.4
    29 2.9 5.8 8.7
    30 3.0 6.0 9.0
    31 3.1 6.2 9.3
    32 3.2 6.4 9.6
    33 3.3 6.6 9.9
    34 3.4 6.8 10.2
    35 3.5 7.0 10.5
    40 4.0 8.0 12.0
    45 4.5 9.0 13.5
    50 5.0 10.0 15.0
    55 5.5 11.0 16.5
    60 6.0 12.0 18.0
    65 6.5 13.0 19.5
    70 7.0 14.0 21.0

    METHADONE

    Concentration

    10mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Pure mu opioid agonist
    • Less sedation and vomiting than morphine

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Respiratory depression
    • Can cause constipation

    Preparation

    • Dilute 3ml (30mg) in 97ml 0.9% NaCl
    • To make CRI of 0.3mg/ml

      • DOSE RATES Loading dose:

    • Dog 0.1-0.2mg/kg IV
    • Cat 0.05/0.2mg/kg IV

      • CRI dose

    • 0.05-0.1mg/kg/hr
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 0.05mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) MEDIUM DOSE 0.08mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 0.1mg/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.2 0.3 0.3
    2 0.3 0.5 0.7
    3 0.5 0.8 1.0
    4 0.7 1.1 1.3
    5 0.8 1.3 1.7
    6 1.0 1.6 2.0
    7 1.2 1.9 2.3
    8 1.3 2.1 2.7
    9 1.5 2.4 3.0
    10 1.7 2.7 3.3
    11 1.8 2.9 3.7
    12 2.0 3.2 4.0
    13 2.2 3.5 4.3
    14 2.3 3.7 4.7
    15 2.5 4.0 5.0
    16 2.7 4.3 5.3
    17 2.8 4.5 5.7
    18 3.0 4.8 6.0
    19 3.2 5.1 6.3
    20 3.3 5.3 6.7
    21 3.5 5.6 7.0
    22 3.7 5.9 7.3
    23 3.8 6.1 7.7
    24 4.0 6.4 8.0
    25 4.2 6.7 8.3
    26 4.3 6.9 8.7
    27 4.5 7.2 9.0
    28 4.7 7.5 9.3
    29 4.8 7.7 9.7
    30 5.0 8.0 10.0
    31 5.2 8.3 10.3
    32 5.3 8.5 10.7
    33 5.5 8.8 11.0
    34 5.7 9.1 11.3
    35 5.8 9.3 11.7
    40 6.7 10.7 13.3
    45 7.5 12.0 15.0
    50 8.3 13.3 16.7
    55 9.2 14.7 18.3
    60 10.0 16.0 20.0
    65 10.8 17.3 21.7
    70 11.7 18.7 23.3

    MIDAZOLAM

    Concentration

    5mg/ml ampoules

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Benzodiazepine
    • Short acting anticonvulsant and sedative

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Combined with butorphanol during isoflurane
      anaesthesia decreased blood pressure, heart

      • rate and enhanced respiratory depression may occur

    • Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
    • Also contraindicated in encephalopathic patients

    Preparation

    • Dilute 10mls of 5mg/ml (total of 50mg) into 40ml of
      saline
    • CRI

    Concentration

    1mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    Loading dose:

    • 0.1-0.2mg/kg IV CRI dose
    • 0.1 – 0.5 mg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOADING DOSE (ml) LOW (0.1mg/kg/hr) ml/hr MEDIUM (0.3mg/kg/hr) ml/hr HIGH (0.5mg/kg/hr) ml/hr
    1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5
    2 0.2 0.2 0.6 1.0
    3 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.5
    4 0.4 0.4 1.2 2.0
    5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
    6 0.6 0.6 1.8 3.0
    7 0.7 0.7 2.1 3.5
    8 0.8 0.8 2.4 4.0
    9 0.9 0.9 2.7 4.5
    10 1.0 1.0 3.0 5.0
    11 1.1 1.1 3.3 5.5
    12 1.2 1.2 3.6 6.0
    13 1.3 1.3 3.9 6.5
    14 1.4 1.4 4.2 7.0
    15 1.5 1.5 4.5 7.5
    16 1.6 1.6 4.8 8.0
    17 1.7 1.7 5.1 8.5
    18 1.8 1.8 5.4 9.0
    19 1.9 1.9 5.7 9.5
    20 2.0 2.0 6.0 10.0
    21 2.1 2.1 6.3 10.5
    22 2.2 2.2 6.6 11.0
    23 2.3 2.3 6.9 11.5
    24 2.4 2.4 7.2 12.0
    25 2.5 2.5 7.5 12.5
    26 2.6 2.6 7.8 13.0
    27 2.7 2.7 8.1 13.5
    28 2.8 2.8 8.4 14.0
    29 2.9 2.9 8.7 14.5
    30 3.0 3.0 9.0 15.0
    31 3.1 3.1 9.3 15.5
    32 3.2 3.2 9.6 16.0
    33 3.3 3.3 9.9 16.5
    34 3.4 3.4 10.2 17.0
    35 3.5 3.5 10.5 17.5
    40 4.0 4.0 12.0 20.0
    45 4.5 4.5 13.5 22.5
    50 5.0 5.0 15.0 25.0
    55 5.5 5.5 16.5 27.5
    60 6.0 6.0 18.0 30.0
    65 6.5 6.5 19.5 32.5
    70 7.0 7.0 21.0 35.0

    MORPHINE

    Concentration

    Available as 5, 10, 15, 30 mg/ml ampoules

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Pure mu opioid agonist
    • Continuous infusion reduced peak and trough effect

    Precautions and Side Effects

    • Respiratory depression
    • Not to be used with any systemic histamine release conditions, asthma or mast cell tumours
    • Vomiting/nausea
    • Constipation

    Preparation

    • Add 30mg morphine to 59ml 0.9% NaCl
    • (multiple strengths of morphine available)
    • To make CRI of 0.5mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    • Dogs: 0.1-0.3mg/kg/hr IV
    WEIGHT LOW DOSE 0.1mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) MEDIUM DOSE 0.2mg/kg/hr (ml/hr) HIGH DOSE 0.3mg/kg/hr (ml/hr)
    1 0.2 0.4 0.6
    2 0.4 0.8 1.2
    3 0.6 1.2 1.8
    4 0.8 1.6 2.4
    5 1.0 2.0 3.0
    6 1.2 2.4 3.6
    7 1.4 2.8 4.2
    8 1.6 3.2 4.8
    9 1.8 3.6 5.4
    10 2.0 4.0 6.0
    11 2.2 4.4 6.6
    12 2.4 4.8 7.2
    13 2.6 5.2 7.8
    14 2.8 5.6 8.4
    15 3.0 6.0 9.0
    16 3.2 6.4 9.6
    17 3.4 6.8 10.2
    18 3.6 7.2 10.8
    19 3.8 7.6 11.4
    20 4.0 8.0 12.0
    21 4.2 8.4 12.6
    22 4.4 8.8 13.2
    23 4.6 9.2 13.8
    24 4.8 9.6 14.4
    25 5.0 10.0 15.0
    26 5.2 10.4 15.6
    27 5.4 10.8 16.2
    28 5.6 11.2 16.8
    29 5.8 11.6 17.4
    30 6.0 12.0 18.0
    31 6.2 12.4 18.6
    32 6.4 12.8 19.2
    33 6.6 13.2 19.8
    34 6.8 13.6 20.4
    35 7.0 14.0 21.0
    40 8.0 16.0 24.0
    45 9.0 18.0 27.0
    50 10.0 20.0 30.0
    55 11.0 22.0 33.0
    60 12.0 24.0 36.0
    65 13.0 26.0 39.0
    70 14.0 28.0 42.0

    MORPHINE, KETAMINE & LIGNOCAINE

    Concentration

    Ketamine 50mg/ml Lignocaine
    20mg/ml Morphine 10/30mg/ml vials

    Pharmacology & Indications

    Ketamine

    • Dissociative anaesthetic
    • Antagonizes NMDA receptors
    • Enhances opioid receptor sensitivity and reduces rebound hyperalgesia
    • Failure to administer loading dose will result in an excessive delay in reaching therapeutic levels

    Morphine

    • Pure mu opioid agonist
    • Continuous infusion reduced peak and trough effect

    Lignocaine

    • Not recommended for use in cats
    • Anti-arrhythmic and local anaesthetic
    • Low dose CRI useful in hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain

    Precautions and Side Effects

    Ketamine

    • Hypersalivation, respiratory depression, hyperthermia, emesis, erratic and prolonged recovery, muscle tremors/rigidity, hyperaesthesia (reduced noise stimulation)

    Morphine

    • Respiratory depression, CNS depression, hyperthermia (cats), hypothermia (dogs), nausea and reduced GI motility

    Lignocaine

    • Depression, muscle tremors, seizures (high dose), nausea/vomiting

    Preparation

    • Using a 500ml NaCl 0.9% bag – remove 41ml
    • Ketamine 60mg (1.2ml of 50mg/ml)
    • Morphine 60mg (2ml of 30mg/ml)
    • Lignocaine 750mg (37.5ml of 20mg/ml)
    • Protect from light

    Concentration

    Ketamine 50mg/ml Lignocaine
    20mg/ml
    Morphine 10/30mg/ml vials
    CRI

    Concentration

    Drug Concentration Loading Dose CRI Rate
    Ketamine 0.12mg/ml 0.1-0.2mg/kg IV bolus 2-24 ug/kg/min IV
    Morphine 0.12mg/ml 0.1-0.3mg/kg IV bolus 2-4 ug/kg/min IV
    Lignocaine 1.5mg/ml 0.5 mg/kg slow IV bolus 25-50 ug/kg/min IV

    NORADRENALIN

    Concentration

    • 4mg/4ml ampoules
    • 1mg/ml ampoules

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Vasopressor and inotrope
    • Affinity for alpha1, alpha 2 and beta1 receptors
    • Alpha stimulation causes peripheral, renal, splanchnic, and pulmonary vasoconstriction (more prominent at higher doses)
    • Beta 1 stimulation increases myocardial contractility, with less tachycardia produced than with adrenaline
    • Indicated for profound hypotension, esp. septic shock, post cardiac hypotension
    • Peripheral vasoconstrictor, inotrope, and coronary artery vasodilator

    Precautions and SIde Effects

    • Blood pressure must be continuously monitored, preferably directly, to avoid hypertension
    • Avoid abrupt withdrawal of therapy
    • Necrosis can occur at IV site if extravasation occurs
    • Should be given through a central line if possible

    Preparation

    • Animals <10kg: Add 4mg in 100ml 5% dextrose in water or 5% dextrose in saline making a CRI

    Concentration

    Animals >10kg

    • of 40ug/ml
    • Animals >10kg
    • Add 4mg in 50ml 5% dextrose in water or 5% dextrose in saline making a CRI
    • of 80ug/ml
    • Dextrose is recommended to preserve activity of adrenaline
    • Light sensitive and should be protected from light

    Dose Rates

    • 0.1-2ug/kg/min IV

    WEIGHT SMALL DOG CRI 40UG/ML


    WEIGHT LOW RATE 0.1ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 0.5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) MEDIUM RATE 1ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 1.5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) HIGH RATE 2ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
    1 0.2 0.8 1.5 2.3 3.0
    2 0.3 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0
    3 0.5 2.3 4.5 6.8 9.0
    4 0.6 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0
    5 0.8 3.8 7.5 11.3 15.0
    6 0.9 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0
    7 1.1 5.3 10.5 15.8 21.0
    8 1.2 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0
    9 1.4 6.8 13.5 20.3 27.0
    10 1.5 7.5 15.0 22.5 30.0
    11 0.8 4.1 8.3 12.4 16.5
    12 0.9 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0
    13 1.0 4.9 9.8 14.6 19.5
    14 1.1 5.3 10.5 15.8 21.0
    15 1.1 5.6 11.3 16.9 22.5

    WEIGHT LARGE DOG CRI 80UG/ML


    WEIGHT LOW RATE 0.1ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 0.5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) MEDIUM RATE 1ug/kg/min (ml/hr) 1.5ug/kg/min (ml/hr) HIGH RATE 2ug/kg/min (ml/hr)
    16 1.2 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0
    17 1.3 6.4 12.8 19.1 25.5
    18 1.4 6.8 13.5 20.3 27.0
    19 1.4 7.1 14.3 21.4 28.5
    20 1.5 7.5 15.0 22.5 30.0
    25 1.9 9.4 18.8 28.1 37.5
    30 2.3 11.3 22.5 33.8 45.0
    35 2.6 13.1 26.3 39.4 52.5
    40 3.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0
    45 3.4 16.9 33.8 50.6 67.5
    50 3.8 18.8 37.5 56.3 75.0
    55 4.1 20.6 41.3 61.9 82.5
    60 4.5 22.5 45.0 67.5 90.0
    65 4.9 24.4 48.8 73.1 97.5
    70 5.3 26.3 52.5 78.8 105.0

    PROPOFOL

    Concentration

    10 mg/ml

    Pharmacology & Indications

    • Short acting hypnotic
    • Useful for mechanical ventilation, seizure control, status epilepticus
    • Low to maintenance dose recommended if also on additional anaesthetics or sedatives

    Precautions and Side Effects

    • High doses may lead to cardiorespiratory depression (respiratory depression common)
    • Patients at high risk of hypotension should not be administered high maintenance.
    • Prolonged CRI in cats can cause Heinz body production

    Preparation

    • No dilution required – use at 10mg/ml

    Dose Rates

    Loading dose

    • 2-5mg/kg IV

    CRI Rate

    • 0.1 – 0.6mg/kg/min IV
    WEIGHT LOADING DOSE (ml) LOW (0.1mg/kg/min) ml/hr MEDIUM (0.3mg/kg/min) ml/hr HIGH (0.6mg/kg/min) ml/hr
    1 0.2 – 0.5 0.6 1.8 3.6
    2 0.4 – 1 1.2 3.6 7.2
    3 0.6 – 1.5 1.8 5.4 10.8
    4 0.8 – 2 2.4 7.2 14.4
    5 1 – 2.5 3.0 9.0 18.0
    6 1.2 – 3 3.6 10.8 21.6
    7 1.4 – 3.5 4.2 12.6 25.2
    8 1.6 – 4 4.8 14.4 28.8
    9 1.8 – 4.5 5.4 16.2 32.4
    10 2 – 5 6.0 18.0 36.0
    11 2.2 – 5.5 6.6 19.8 39.6
    12 2.4 – 6 7.2 21.6 43.2
    13 2.6 – 6.5 7.8 23.4 46.8
    14 2.8 – 7 8.4 25.2 50.4
    15 3 – 7.5 9.0 27.0 54.0
    16 3.2 – 8 9.6 28.8 57.6
    17 3.4 – 8.5 10.2 30.6 61.2
    18 3.6 – 9 10.8 32.4 64.8
    19 3.8 – 9.5 11.4 34.2 68.4
    20 4 – 10 12.0 36.0 72.0
    21 4.2 – 10.5 12.6 37.8 75.6
    22 4.4 – 11 13.2 39.6 79.2
    23 4.6 – 11.5 13.8 41.4 82.8
    24 4.8 – 12 14.4 43.2 86.4
    25 5 – 12.5 15.0 45.0 90.0
    26 5.2 – 13 15.6 46.8 93.6
    27 5.4 – 13.5 16.2 48.6 97.2
    28 5.6 – 14 16.8 50.4 100.8
    29 5.8 – 14.5 17.4 52.2 104.4
    30 6 – 15 18.0 54.0 108.0
    31 6.2 – 15.5 18.6 55.8 111.6
    32 6.4 – 16 19.2 57.6 115.2
    33 6.6 – 16.5 19.8 59.4 118.8
    34 6.8 – 17 20.4 61.2 122.4
    35 7 – 17.5 21.0 63.0 126.0
    40 8 – 20 24.0 72.0 144.0
    45 9 – 22.5 27.0 81.0 162.0
    50 10 – 25 30.0 90.0 180.0
    55 11 – 27.5 33.0 99.0 198.0
    60 12 – 30 36.0 108.0 216.0
    65 13 – 32.5 39.0 117.0 234.0
    70 14 – 35 42.0 126.0 252.0